Dr. Tobias R. Rebholz

How do people make judgments and decisions when the information they rely on is noisy and incomplete—and how is this changing in the age of AI?

Fuqua School of Business

I am currently a DFG-funded Walter Benjamin Fellow and visiting research scholar in the Management and Organizations Area at Duke University's Fuqua School of Business in Durham, NC, USA. Previously, I was a research associate in the Social Cognition and Decision Sciences group in the Department of Psychology at the University of Tübingen in Germany.

I earned my PhD (Dr. rer. nat.) in Psychology in 2023 from the Research Training Group “Statistical Modeling in Psychology” (SMiP)—a DFG-funded, transregional collaboration of the Universities of Mannheim, Freiburg, Heidelberg, Landau, and Tübingen, Germany. My academic foundation lies in Business Studies and Economics, with a BSc-Major in “Psychoeconomics” in 2017 and an MSc-Major in “Econometrics and Applied Economics” in 2020, both from the University of Konstanz, Germany.

I serve as an Associate Editor for the Journal of Behavioral Decision Making and Peer Community In: Registered Reports. In my role as a website developer, I am also an Associated Executive Board Member of the European Association for Decision Making (EADM).

Bias and brain illustration

Given the name I was dealt, studying what tends “to bias” estimates and behavior feels like nominative determinism—or, at times, an occupational hazard. In other words, my research focuses on investigating biases both in a statistical sense (i.e., improving the estimation of effects and phenomena) as well as from a psychological perspective—specifically, in people’s judgment and decision-making (JDM).

As an interdisciplinary scholar and open-science enthusiast, I use methods from statistics, econometrics, machine learning, and behavioral science to address questions about human and AI behavior in social cognition and human-computer interaction. For instance, a central theme in my current work is quantifying the influence of qualitative information—especially text generated by large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT or Google’s Gemini—on how humans form judgments, make choices, and update their beliefs. More broadly, I develop and apply advanced statistical and machine learning methods to understand how ecological constraints shape information sampling and utilization in individual, organizational, and societal contexts.

My research has secured over 150,000 EUR in competitive funding and has been published in prestigious outlets, including Psychological Inquiry, Judgment and Decision Making, the Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, and the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied.

Selected Publications

The following articles, some of which are award-winning publications in the respective outlets, are a representative selection of my work on behavioral science and quantitative methods (see publications, for a full list of articles, incl. software/data, preprints, and manuscripts):

Rebholz, T. R. (2026). Lay beliefs about artificial versus artificial intelligence: Rethinking theory of machine. Collabra: Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.155671

Schreiner, M. R., Rebholz, T. R., Quevedo Pütter, J., & Landrum, A. R. (2026). Investigating factors influencing audiences’ integration of scientific evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 32(2), 292–305. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000552

Buttliere, B., Arvanitis, A., Białek, M., Choshen-Hillel, S., Davidai, S., Gilovich, T., ... Rebholz, T. R., ... Weick, M. (2024). Kahneman in quotes and reflections. Psychological Inquiry, 35(1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2024.2366813

Rebholz, T. R., Biella, M., & Hütter, M. (2024). Mixed-effects regression weights for advice taking and related phenomena of information sampling and utilization. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 37(2), e2369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2369

Rebholz, T. R., Koop, A., & Hütter, M. (2024). Conversational user interfaces: Explanations and interactivity positively influence advice taking from generative artificial intelligence. Technology, Mind, and Behavior, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.1037/tmb0000136

Rebholz, T. R., & Hütter, M. (2022). The advice less taken: The consequences of receiving unexpected advice. Judgment and Decision Making, 17(4), 816–848. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1930297500008950

Teaching

My teaching combines substantive seminars on human and AI decision-making in various contexts with methodological training in applied machine learning, statistical programming, and experimental data analytics.

Culinary

Beyond academia, I am trained as a professional chef (see culinary corner for details). I was in one of the first cohorts of the double-degree program “LIZE-Koch (Gesellenbrief + Abitur)”, which has since become an established program at my former German high school. I worked as a sous-chef at the Restaurant Donauperle for many years and as a restaurant critic for Seezunge, a regional dining guide in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland around the Lake Constance area. Although I no longer cook professionally, I continue to volunteer in various culinary roles—for example, cooking for youth and community programs.

Contact

On this website, you can find my vita, an overview of my main research projects, as well as lists of publications and contributions to conferences. If you have any questions or would like to connect, feel free to reach out at tr.rebholz@gmail.com.